Modern+Atomic+Model

At the center of the atom is a tiny, massive nucleus containing protons and neutrons. Surrounding the nucleus is a cloudlike region on moving electrons. Electrons have different energy levels which makes them likely to be found moving in different places.

http://www.msnucleus.org/membership/html/jh/physical/atomictheory/lesson1/atomic1g.html Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger (1887-1961) developed an “Electron Cloud Model” in 1926. It consisted of a dense nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons at various levels in orbitals. Schrödinger and Werner Heisenburg (1901-1976) mathematically determined regions in which electrons would be most likely found. The probability of the finding the electrons in the orbitals are sometimes referred to as “lobes.” They used the mathematical equations for the behavior of waves following the work on waves by Louis de Broglie (1892-1987) a French theorist.

https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/what-does-electron-cloud-really-look

More on orbitals: http://web.physics.ucsb.edu/~lecturedemonstrations/Composer/Pages/88.18.html ( back )