Oxygen

https://www.newscientist.com/article/2085604-first-direct-evidence-of-ancient-marss-oxygen-rich-atmosphere/ https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn24120-primordial-broth-of-life-was-a-dry-martian-cup-a-soup/ https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/josephpriestleyoxygen.html https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/lavoisier.html

One spoonful of this stuff could turn you into Aquaman A crystalline substance that can absorb and release oxygen in large quantities could one day lead to tankless underwater breathing a la one water-loving superhero. http://www.cnet.com/news/one-spoonful-of-this-stuff-could-turn-you-into-aquaman/#ftag=YHF65cbda0